From 4935251125176c92257ec1ddde331193c717c722 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: LaurensBartelds <48316768+LaurensBartelds@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 11:28:01 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] feat: implement retake exam functionality and update
 translations for exam status

---
 frontend/src/components/MyResults.tsx | 29 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 frontend/src/components/Workspace.tsx |  2 +-
 frontend/src/i18n/en.json             |  1 +
 frontend/src/i18n/nl.json             |  1 +
 4 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/frontend/src/components/MyResults.tsx b/frontend/src/components/MyResults.tsx
index ff0b6d7..2bd085f 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/MyResults.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/MyResults.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@ import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react'
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 import * as resultApi from '../api/resultApi'
+import * as examApi from '../api/examApi'
 import { getExamUrlId } from '../utils/slug'
+import type { Exam } from '../types'
 
 interface ResultItem {
   id: number
@@ -17,7 +19,11 @@ interface ResultItem {
   exam_id: number | null
 }
 
-export default function MyResults() {
+interface Props {
+  onLoadExam: (exam: Exam, saveToWorkspace?: boolean, examId?: number | null) => void
+}
+
+export default function MyResults({ onLoadExam }: Props) {
   const { t } = useTranslation()
   const navigate = useNavigate()
   const [results, setResults] = useState<ResultItem[]>([])
@@ -25,6 +31,7 @@ export default function MyResults() {
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true)
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null)
   const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<number | null>(null)
+  const [retakingId, setRetakingId] = useState<number | null>(null)
 
   const loadResults = useCallback(async () => {
     setLoading(true)
@@ -54,6 +61,18 @@ export default function MyResults() {
     }
   }
 
+  const retakeExam = async (item: ResultItem) => {
+    if (!item.exam_id) return
+    setRetakingId(item.id)
+    try {
+      const exam = await examApi.getExam(item.exam_id)
+      onLoadExam(exam, false, item.exam_id)
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError((e as Error).message)
+      setRetakingId(null)
+    }
+  }
+
   const reviewResult = async (item: ResultItem) => {
     try {
       const data = await resultApi.getResult(item.id)
@@ -129,6 +148,14 @@ export default function MyResults() {
                 </div>
                 <div className="workspace-card-actions" style={{ gap: 8 }}>
                   <div className={`score-pill ${passed ? 'pass' : 'fail'}`}>{pct}%</div>
+                  <button
+                    className="btn btn-primary btn-sm"
+                    onClick={() => void retakeExam(r)}
+                    disabled={retakingId === r.id || !r.exam_id}
+                    title={r.exam_id ? undefined : t('results.cantRetake')}
+                  >
+                    {retakingId === r.id ? t('common.loading') : t('results.retakeExam')}
+                  </button>
                   <button className="btn btn-sm" onClick={() => void reviewResult(r)}>
                     {t('common.edit')}
                   </button>
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/Workspace.tsx b/frontend/src/components/Workspace.tsx
index f9b0b77..551e5da 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/Workspace.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/Workspace.tsx
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ export default function Workspace({ onLoadExam }: Props) {
 
       <main className="workspace-main">
         {activeTab === 'exams' && <MyExams onLoadExam={onLoadExam} />}
-        {activeTab === 'results' && <MyResults />}
+        {activeTab === 'results' && <MyResults onLoadExam={onLoadExam} />}
         {activeTab === 'settings' && <Settings />}
       </main>
     </div>
diff --git a/frontend/src/i18n/en.json b/frontend/src/i18n/en.json
index b455018..0f94598 100644
--- a/frontend/src/i18n/en.json
+++ b/frontend/src/i18n/en.json
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@
     "explanation": "Explanation",
     "rubric": "Rubric (self-grade)",
     "retakeExam": "Retake exam",
+    "cantRetake": "Exam no longer saved in workspace",
     "backToHome": "Back to home"
   },
   "tweaks": {
diff --git a/frontend/src/i18n/nl.json b/frontend/src/i18n/nl.json
index d0c514b..f7a724b 100644
--- a/frontend/src/i18n/nl.json
+++ b/frontend/src/i18n/nl.json
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@
     "explanation": "Uitleg",
     "rubric": "Rubric (zelfbeoordeling)",
     "retakeExam": "Examen opnieuw maken",
+    "cantRetake": "Examen niet meer opgeslagen in werkruimte",
     "backToHome": "Terug naar home"
   },
   "tweaks": {
-- 
2.54.0


From 1b5fd0404021f1c0edc2cfc8c4dbbf4fbdcd80bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: LaurensBartelds <48316768+LaurensBartelds@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 12:52:57 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] feat: enhance security with token blacklisting and input
 sanitization; add helmet for security headers

---
 .gitea/workflows/deploy.yml                   |  4 +-
 backend/package-lock.json                     | 10 ++
 backend/package.json                          |  1 +
 backend/src/config.ts                         |  2 +-
 backend/src/index.ts                          | 19 +++-
 backend/src/middleware/auth.ts                | 10 +-
 backend/src/middleware/error.ts               | 16 +++-
 backend/src/repositories/userRepo.ts          |  8 +-
 backend/src/routes/auth.ts                    | 19 ++++
 backend/src/routes/exams.ts                   |  5 +-
 backend/src/routes/setup.ts                   | 96 +++++++++++--------
 backend/src/services/authService.ts           | 26 +++--
 backend/src/utils/sanitizeExam.ts             | 30 ++++++
 backend/src/utils/tokenBlacklist.ts           | 46 +++++++++
 backend/src/utils/tokens.ts                   |  4 +
 backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts   |  4 +-
 backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts        | 20 +++-
 backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts    | 10 +-
 backend/src/validators/authSchemas.ts         | 14 ++-
 backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts   |  4 +-
 backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.ts        |  6 +-
 node_modules/.package-lock.json               |  6 --
 .../results.json                              |  2 +-
 package-lock.json                             | 17 +++-
 package.json                                  |  5 +
 25 files changed, 294 insertions(+), 90 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 backend/src/utils/sanitizeExam.ts
 create mode 100644 backend/src/utils/tokenBlacklist.ts
 delete mode 100644 node_modules/.package-lock.json
 create mode 100644 package.json

diff --git a/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml b/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
index f1f6d30..fa28641 100644
--- a/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml
@@ -27,10 +27,8 @@ jobs:
           echo "SSH_AGENT_PID=$SSH_AGENT_PID" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
 
       - name: Write Inventory
-        # StrictHostKeyChecking=no is intentional for a known home-network host.
-        # To harden, add the host fingerprint as a secret and use a known_hosts file.
         run: |
-          printf '[orangepi]\norangepi ansible_host=%s ansible_user=%s ansible_ssh_common_args="-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o ForwardAgent=yes"\n' \
+          printf '[orangepi]\norangepi ansible_host=%s ansible_user=%s\n' \
             "${{ secrets.ANSIBLE_HOST }}" \
             "${{ secrets.ANSIBLE_USER }}" > /tmp/inventory.ini
 
diff --git a/backend/package-lock.json b/backend/package-lock.json
index 276f0bf..50619bf 100644
--- a/backend/package-lock.json
+++ b/backend/package-lock.json
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
         "dotenv": "^16.4.7",
         "express": "^5.1.0",
         "express-rate-limit": "^7.5.0",
+        "helmet": "^8.1.0",
         "jsonwebtoken": "^9.0.2",
         "nodemailer": "^7.0.3",
         "zod": "^3.24.2"
@@ -1862,6 +1863,15 @@
         "node": ">= 0.4"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/helmet": {
+      "version": "8.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/helmet/-/helmet-8.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-jOiHyAZsmnr8LqoPGmCjYAaiuWwjAPLgY8ZX2XrmHawt99/u1y6RgrZMTeoPfpUbV96HOalYgz1qzkRbw54Pmg==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=18.0.0"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/http-errors": {
       "version": "2.0.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/http-errors/-/http-errors-2.0.1.tgz",
diff --git a/backend/package.json b/backend/package.json
index c23e669..615d86b 100644
--- a/backend/package.json
+++ b/backend/package.json
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
     "dotenv": "^16.4.7",
     "express": "^5.1.0",
     "express-rate-limit": "^7.5.0",
+    "helmet": "^8.1.0",
     "jsonwebtoken": "^9.0.2",
     "nodemailer": "^7.0.3",
     "zod": "^3.24.2"
diff --git a/backend/src/config.ts b/backend/src/config.ts
index c08c77c..5326cec 100644
--- a/backend/src/config.ts
+++ b/backend/src/config.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export const config = {
   jwtSecret: env('JWT_SECRET'),
   dbPath: env('DB_PATH', './db/brainwave.db'),
   corsOrigin: env('CORS_ORIGIN', 'http://localhost:5173'),
-  bodyLimit: env('BODY_LIMIT', '10mb'),
+  bodyLimit: env('BODY_LIMIT', '100kb'),
 
   email: {
     smtpHost: env('SMTP_HOST', ''),
diff --git a/backend/src/index.ts b/backend/src/index.ts
index dfb8d0e..4fa1407 100644
--- a/backend/src/index.ts
+++ b/backend/src/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import 'dotenv/config'
 import express from 'express'
 import cors from 'cors'
+import helmet from 'helmet'
+import rateLimit from 'express-rate-limit'
 import { getDb, closeDb } from './db/database.js'
 import authRoutes from './routes/auth.js'
 import examRoutes from './routes/exams.js'
@@ -20,9 +22,25 @@ const PORT = config.port
 
 const app = express()
 
+// Security headers
+app.use(helmet())
+
+// CORS
 app.use(cors({ origin: config.corsOrigin }))
+
+// Body parsing with reasonable limit
 app.use(express.json({ limit: config.bodyLimit }))
 
+// Global API rate limiting
+const globalLimiter = rateLimit({
+  windowMs: 15 * 60 * 1000, // 15 minutes
+  max: 200,
+  message: { error: 'Too many requests, please try again later' },
+  standardHeaders: true,
+  legacyHeaders: false,
+})
+app.use('/api/', globalLimiter)
+
 // Request logging
 app.use((req, res, next) => {
   const start = Date.now()
@@ -63,7 +81,6 @@ app.get('/api/health', (_req, res) => {
   res.status(overall === 'healthy' ? 200 : 503).json({
     status: overall,
     timestamp: Date.now(),
-    version: process.env['npm_package_version'] ?? '0.0.1',
     checks,
   })
 })
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/auth.ts b/backend/src/middleware/auth.ts
index baabbca..8e4d0d6 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/auth.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/auth.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { Request, Response, NextFunction } from 'express'
-import { verifyToken, type JwtPayload } from '../utils/tokens.js'
+import { verifyToken, hashToken, type JwtPayload } from '../utils/tokens.js'
+import { isTokenBlacklisted } from '../utils/tokenBlacklist.js'
 
 declare global {
   namespace Express {
@@ -22,6 +23,13 @@ export function requireAuth(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): vo
   try {
     const token = header.slice(7)
     req.user = verifyToken(token)
+
+    // Check if the token has been blacklisted (e.g., after logout)
+    if (isTokenBlacklisted(hashToken(token))) {
+      res.status(401).json({ error: 'Token has been revoked' })
+      return
+    }
+
     next()
   } catch {
     res.status(401).json({ error: 'Invalid or expired token' })
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/error.ts b/backend/src/middleware/error.ts
index 4e0a925..de4226b 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/error.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/error.ts
@@ -17,15 +17,21 @@ export function errorHandler(
   _next: any
 ) {
   const statusCode = err instanceof AppError ? err.statusCode : 500;
-  const message = err.message || 'Internal Server Error';
+  const isOperational = err instanceof AppError && err.isOperational;
 
-  console.error(`[Error] ${statusCode} - ${message}`);
-  if (!(err instanceof AppError) || !err.isOperational) {
+  // Log full details server-side
+  console.error(`[Error] ${statusCode} - ${err.message}`);
+  if (!isOperational) {
     console.error(err);
   }
 
+  // Never leak internal error details to the client for unexpected 500s
+  const clientMessage = statusCode === 500 && !isOperational
+    ? 'Internal Server Error'
+    : (err.message || 'Internal Server Error');
+
   res.status(statusCode).json({
     status: 'error',
-    message,
+    message: clientMessage,
   });
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/repositories/userRepo.ts b/backend/src/repositories/userRepo.ts
index f77f135..1ffd477 100644
--- a/backend/src/repositories/userRepo.ts
+++ b/backend/src/repositories/userRepo.ts
@@ -63,14 +63,14 @@ export function getUserById(id: number): DbUser | undefined {
   return db.prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?').get(id) as DbUser | undefined
 }
 
-export function getUserByVerifyToken(token: string): DbUser | undefined {
+export function getUserByVerifyTokenHash(tokenHash: string): DbUser | undefined {
   const db = getDb()
-  return db.prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE verify_token = ?').get(token) as DbUser | undefined
+  return db.prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE verify_token = ?').get(tokenHash) as DbUser | undefined
 }
 
-export function getUserByResetToken(token: string): DbUser | undefined {
+export function getUserByResetTokenHash(tokenHash: string): DbUser | undefined {
   const db = getDb()
-  return db.prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE reset_token = ?').get(token) as DbUser | undefined
+  return db.prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE reset_token = ?').get(tokenHash) as DbUser | undefined
 }
 
 export function updateUser(id: number, data: UpdateUserData): boolean {
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/auth.ts b/backend/src/routes/auth.ts
index 785d919..15c1e8b 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/auth.ts
+++ b/backend/src/routes/auth.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import { requireAuth } from '../middleware/auth.js'
 import { asyncHandler } from '../utils/asyncHandler.js'
 import * as authService from '../services/authService.js'
 import * as userRepo from '../repositories/userRepo.js'
+import { hashToken } from '../utils/tokens.js'
+import { blacklistToken } from '../utils/tokenBlacklist.js'
 import {
   registerSchema,
   loginSchema,
@@ -113,6 +115,23 @@ router.post(
   })
 )
 
+// POST /api/auth/logout
+router.post(
+  '/logout',
+  requireAuth,
+  asyncHandler(async (req: Request, res) => {
+    const header = req.headers.authorization
+    if (header?.startsWith('Bearer ')) {
+      const token = header.slice(7)
+      const tokenHash = hashToken(token)
+      // Blacklist the token so it cannot be reused after logout
+      // Expiry is 24h from now (matching JWT expiry)
+      blacklistToken(tokenHash, Date.now() + 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
+    }
+    res.json({ success: true })
+  })
+)
+
 // DELETE /api/auth/me
 router.delete(
   '/me',
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/exams.ts b/backend/src/routes/exams.ts
index 1a5d439..307775e 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/exams.ts
+++ b/backend/src/routes/exams.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { requireAuth } from '../middleware/auth.js'
 import { AppError } from '../middleware/error.js'
 import * as examRepo from '../repositories/examRepo.js'
 import { saveExamSchema, updateExamSchema, examIdParamSchema } from '../validators/examSchemas.js'
+import { sanitizeExam } from '../utils/sanitizeExam.js'
 import type { Request } from 'express'
 
 const router = Router()
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ router.post(
   '/',
   validateBody(saveExamSchema),
   asyncHandler(async (req: Request, res) => {
-    const exam = req.body.exam
+    const exam = sanitizeExam(req.body.exam) as typeof req.body.exam
     const { id } = examRepo.createExam(
       req.user!.userId,
       exam.title,
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ router.put(
   validateBody(updateExamSchema),
   asyncHandler(async (req: Request, res) => {
     const id = Number(req.params.id)
-    const exam = req.body.exam
+    const exam = sanitizeExam(req.body.exam) as typeof req.body.exam
     const updated = examRepo.updateExam(
       id,
       req.user!.userId,
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/setup.ts b/backend/src/routes/setup.ts
index 1f04afb..07a5adb 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/setup.ts
+++ b/backend/src/routes/setup.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import bcrypt from 'bcrypt'
 import { validateBody } from '../middleware/validate.js'
 import { asyncHandler } from '../utils/asyncHandler.js'
 import { AppError } from '../middleware/error.js'
+import { getDb } from '../db/database.js'
 import * as userRepo from '../repositories/userRepo.js'
 import * as settingsRepo from '../repositories/settingsRepo.js'
 import { setupSchema } from '../validators/setupSchemas.js'
@@ -33,54 +34,65 @@ router.post(
   '/',
   validateBody(setupSchema),
   asyncHandler(async (req, res) => {
-    if (getSiteTitle()) {
-      throw new AppError(400, 'Setup already completed')
-    }
+    const db = getDb()
 
-    if (userRepo.countUsers() > 0) {
-      throw new AppError(400, 'Users already exist')
-    }
+    // Atomic transaction prevents race conditions between concurrent setup requests
+    const tx = db.transaction(() => {
+      const title = settingsRepo.getSetting('site_title')
+      if (title) {
+        throw new AppError(400, 'Setup already completed')
+      }
 
-    const {
-      email,
-      password,
-      displayName,
-      siteTitle,
-      language,
-      smtpHost,
-      smtpPort,
-      smtpUser,
-      smtpPass,
-      smtpFrom,
-      smtpSecure,
-      appUrl,
-    } = req.body
+      const userCount = userRepo.countUsers()
+      if (userCount > 0) {
+        throw new AppError(400, 'Users already exist')
+      }
 
-    const passwordHash = await bcrypt.hash(password, SALT_ROUNDS)
+      const {
+        email,
+        password,
+        displayName,
+        siteTitle,
+        language,
+        smtpHost,
+        smtpPort,
+        smtpUser,
+        smtpPass,
+        smtpFrom,
+        smtpSecure,
+        appUrl,
+      } = req.body
 
-    const { id } = userRepo.createUser({
-      email,
-      passwordHash,
-      displayName,
-      role: 'admin',
-      emailVerified: 1,
+      const passwordHash = bcrypt.hashSync(password, SALT_ROUNDS)
+
+      const { id } = userRepo.createUser({
+        email,
+        passwordHash,
+        displayName,
+        role: 'admin',
+        emailVerified: 1,
+      })
+
+      const settings: Array<[string, string]> = [
+        ['site_title', siteTitle?.trim() || 'BrainWave'],
+        ['site_language', language || 'en'],
+        ['maintenance_mode', 'false'],
+      ]
+
+      if (smtpHost !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_host', smtpHost])
+      if (smtpPort !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_port', smtpPort])
+      if (smtpUser !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_user', smtpUser])
+      if (smtpPass !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_pass', smtpPass])
+      if (smtpFrom !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_from', smtpFrom])
+      if (smtpSecure !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_secure', smtpSecure])
+      if (appUrl !== undefined) settings.push(['app_url', appUrl])
+
+      settingsRepo.setSettingsBatch(settings)
+
+      return { id, email, displayName }
     })
 
-    const settings: Array<[string, string]> = [
-      ['site_title', siteTitle?.trim() || 'BrainWave'],
-      ['site_language', language || 'en'],
-      ['maintenance_mode', 'false'],
-    ]
-
-    if (smtpHost !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_host', smtpHost])
-    if (smtpPort !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_port', smtpPort])
-    if (smtpUser !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_user', smtpUser])
-    if (smtpPass !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_pass', smtpPass])
-    if (smtpFrom !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_from', smtpFrom])
-    if (smtpSecure !== undefined) settings.push(['smtp_secure', smtpSecure])
-    if (appUrl !== undefined) settings.push(['app_url', appUrl])
-
-    settingsRepo.setSettingsBatch(settings)
+    const { id, email, displayName } = tx()
 
     const token = signToken({
       userId: id,
diff --git a/backend/src/services/authService.ts b/backend/src/services/authService.ts
index 797d2dc..c97c344 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/authService.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/authService.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import bcrypt from 'bcrypt'
 import * as userRepo from '../repositories/userRepo.js'
-import { signToken, generateVerificationToken } from '../utils/tokens.js'
+import { signToken, generateVerificationToken, hashToken } from '../utils/tokens.js'
 import { sendVerificationEmail, sendPasswordResetEmail } from '../utils/email.js'
 import { AppError } from '../middleware/error.js'
 import type { RegisterInput, LoginInput, UpdateProfileInput, ChangePasswordInput, VerifyEmailInput, ResetPasswordInput } from '../validators/authSchemas.js'
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ export async function register(input: RegisterInput, isFirstUser: boolean): Prom
 
   const passwordHash = await bcrypt.hash(input.password, SALT_ROUNDS)
   const role = isFirstUser ? 'admin' : 'user'
-  const verifyToken = generateVerificationToken()
+  const rawVerifyToken = generateVerificationToken()
+  const verifyTokenHash = hashToken(rawVerifyToken)
   const verifyExpires = Date.now() + VERIFY_TOKEN_EXPIRY_MS
 
   const { id } = userRepo.createUser({
@@ -31,14 +32,14 @@ export async function register(input: RegisterInput, isFirstUser: boolean): Prom
     displayName: input.displayName,
     role,
     emailVerified: 0,
-    verifyToken,
+    verifyToken: verifyTokenHash,
     verifyExpires,
   })
 
   const user = userRepo.getUserById(id)!
 
   // Don't await — fire and forget so registration isn't blocked by email failures
-  sendVerificationEmail(user.email, verifyToken).catch(() => {})
+  sendVerificationEmail(user.email, rawVerifyToken).catch(() => {})
 
   return {
     token: signToken({
@@ -67,6 +68,10 @@ export async function login(input: LoginInput): Promise<AuthResult> {
     throw new AppError(401, 'Invalid email or password')
   }
 
+  if (!user.email_verified) {
+    throw new AppError(403, 'Please verify your email before logging in')
+  }
+
   return {
     token: signToken({
       userId: user.id,
@@ -118,7 +123,8 @@ export async function changePassword(userId: number, input: ChangePasswordInput)
 }
 
 export async function verifyEmail(input: VerifyEmailInput) {
-  const user = userRepo.getUserByVerifyToken(input.token)
+  const tokenHash = hashToken(input.token)
+  const user = userRepo.getUserByVerifyTokenHash(tokenHash)
   if (!user || !user.verify_expires || Date.now() > user.verify_expires) {
     throw new AppError(400, 'Invalid or expired verification token')
   }
@@ -141,17 +147,19 @@ export async function forgotPassword(email?: string) {
     return
   }
 
-  const resetToken = generateVerificationToken()
+  const rawResetToken = generateVerificationToken()
+  const resetTokenHash = hashToken(rawResetToken)
   const resetExpires = Date.now() + RESET_TOKEN_EXPIRY_MS
 
-  userRepo.updateUser(user.id, { resetToken, resetExpires })
+  userRepo.updateUser(user.id, { resetToken: resetTokenHash, resetExpires })
 
   // Fire and forget
-  sendPasswordResetEmail(user.email, resetToken).catch(() => {})
+  sendPasswordResetEmail(user.email, rawResetToken).catch(() => {})
 }
 
 export async function resetPassword(input: ResetPasswordInput) {
-  const user = userRepo.getUserByResetToken(input.token)
+  const tokenHash = hashToken(input.token)
+  const user = userRepo.getUserByResetTokenHash(tokenHash)
   if (!user || !user.reset_expires || Date.now() > user.reset_expires) {
     throw new AppError(400, 'Invalid or expired reset token')
   }
diff --git a/backend/src/utils/sanitizeExam.ts b/backend/src/utils/sanitizeExam.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..230ad52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/utils/sanitizeExam.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/**
+ * Server-side sanitization for user-provided exam content.
+ * Removes script tags and event handlers from string fields.
+ */
+
+function sanitizeString(value: unknown): unknown {
+  if (typeof value !== 'string') return value
+  return value
+    .replace(/<script[^>]*>[\s\S]*?<\/script>/gi, '')
+    .replace(/<script[^>]*\/>/gi, '')
+    .replace(/javascript:/gi, '')
+    .replace(/on\w+\s*=/gi, '')
+}
+
+function sanitizeObject(obj: unknown): unknown {
+  if (typeof obj === 'string') return sanitizeString(obj)
+  if (Array.isArray(obj)) return obj.map(sanitizeObject)
+  if (obj && typeof obj === 'object') {
+    const result: Record<string, unknown> = {}
+    for (const [key, val] of Object.entries(obj)) {
+      result[key] = sanitizeObject(val)
+    }
+    return result
+  }
+  return obj
+}
+
+export function sanitizeExam(exam: Record<string, unknown>): Record<string, unknown> {
+  return sanitizeObject(exam) as Record<string, unknown>
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/utils/tokenBlacklist.ts b/backend/src/utils/tokenBlacklist.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e1e1e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/utils/tokenBlacklist.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/**
+ * In-memory token blacklist with SQLite persistence.
+ * Tokens are blacklisted on logout and expire automatically based on JWT expiry.
+ */
+
+import { getDb } from '../db/database.js'
+
+const memoryCache = new Set<string>()
+let initialized = false
+
+function initCache(): void {
+  if (initialized) return
+  const db = getDb()
+  db.exec(`
+    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS token_blacklist (
+      token_hash TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+      expires_at INTEGER NOT NULL
+    );
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_token_blacklist_expires ON token_blacklist(expires_at);
+  `)
+  // Load recent blacklisted tokens into memory
+  const rows = db.prepare('SELECT token_hash FROM token_blacklist WHERE expires_at > ?')
+    .all(Date.now()) as { token_hash: string }[]
+  for (const row of rows) {
+    memoryCache.add(row.token_hash)
+  }
+  initialized = true
+}
+
+export function isTokenBlacklisted(tokenHash: string): boolean {
+  initCache()
+  return memoryCache.has(tokenHash)
+}
+
+export function blacklistToken(tokenHash: string, expiresAt: number): void {
+  initCache()
+  memoryCache.add(tokenHash)
+  const db = getDb()
+  db.prepare('INSERT OR IGNORE INTO token_blacklist (token_hash, expires_at) VALUES (?, ?)')
+    .run(tokenHash, expiresAt)
+}
+
+export function cleanupExpiredTokens(): void {
+  const db = getDb()
+  db.prepare('DELETE FROM token_blacklist WHERE expires_at <= ?').run(Date.now())
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/utils/tokens.ts b/backend/src/utils/tokens.ts
index 40acc8e..8939a7b 100644
--- a/backend/src/utils/tokens.ts
+++ b/backend/src/utils/tokens.ts
@@ -20,3 +20,7 @@ export function verifyToken(token: string): JwtPayload {
 export function generateVerificationToken(): string {
   return crypto.randomBytes(32).toString('hex')
 }
+
+export function hashToken(token: string): string {
+  return crypto.createHash('sha256').update(token).digest('hex')
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts b/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts
index 6795870..b3c67de 100644
--- a/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts
+++ b/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ describe('updateUserRoleSchema', () => {
 
 describe('updateSettingSchema', () => {
   it('accepts valid setting', () => {
-    const result = updateSettingSchema.safeParse({ key: 'app_name', value: 'BrainWave' })
+    const result = updateSettingSchema.safeParse({ key: 'site_title', value: 'BrainWave' })
     expect(result.success).toBe(true)
   })
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ describe('updateSettingSchema', () => {
   })
 
   it('rejects empty value', () => {
-    const result = updateSettingSchema.safeParse({ key: 'app_name', value: '' })
+    const result = updateSettingSchema.safeParse({ key: 'site_title', value: '' })
     expect(result.success).toBe(false)
   })
 })
diff --git a/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts b/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts
index a2e1593..fac8f90 100644
--- a/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts
+++ b/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts
@@ -5,8 +5,26 @@ export const updateUserRoleSchema = z.object({
   role: z.enum(['user', 'admin']),
 })
 
+const ALLOWED_SETTING_KEYS = [
+  'site_title',
+  'site_language',
+  'maintenance_mode',
+  'maintenance_message',
+  'allow_guest_mode',
+  'registration_enabled',
+  'default_theme',
+  'smtp_host',
+  'smtp_port',
+  'smtp_user',
+  'smtp_pass',
+  'smtp_from',
+  'smtp_secure',
+  'app_url',
+  'max_upload_mb',
+] as const
+
 export const updateSettingSchema = z.object({
-  key: z.string().min(1),
+  key: z.enum(ALLOWED_SETTING_KEYS),
   value: z.string().min(1),
 })
 
diff --git a/backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts b/backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts
index 3d511bb..0db7e1d 100644
--- a/backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts
+++ b/backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ describe('registerSchema', () => {
   it('accepts valid registration', () => {
     const result = registerSchema.safeParse({
       email: 'test@example.com',
-      password: 'password123',
+      password: 'Password123!',
       displayName: 'Test User',
     })
     expect(result.success).toBe(true)
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe('registerSchema', () => {
   it('rejects invalid email', () => {
     const result = registerSchema.safeParse({
       email: 'not-an-email',
-      password: 'password123',
+      password: 'Password123!',
       displayName: 'Test User',
     })
     expect(result.success).toBe(false)
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe('registerSchema', () => {
   it('rejects empty display name', () => {
     const result = registerSchema.safeParse({
       email: 'test@example.com',
-      password: 'password123',
+      password: 'Password123!',
       displayName: '',
     })
     expect(result.success).toBe(false)
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ describe('verifyEmailSchema', () => {
 
 describe('resetPasswordSchema', () => {
   it('accepts valid reset', () => {
-    const result = resetPasswordSchema.safeParse({ token: 'abc', newPassword: 'newpass123' })
+    const result = resetPasswordSchema.safeParse({ token: 'abc', newPassword: 'NewPass123!' })
     expect(result.success).toBe(true)
   })
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ describe('changePasswordSchema', () => {
   it('accepts valid change', () => {
     const result = changePasswordSchema.safeParse({
       currentPassword: 'oldpass',
-      newPassword: 'newpass123',
+      newPassword: 'NewPass123!',
     })
     expect(result.success).toBe(true)
   })
diff --git a/backend/src/validators/authSchemas.ts b/backend/src/validators/authSchemas.ts
index 7b357a0..ee0473f 100644
--- a/backend/src/validators/authSchemas.ts
+++ b/backend/src/validators/authSchemas.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 import { z } from 'zod'
 
+const passwordRegex = /^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[@$!%*?&])[A-Za-z\d@$!%*?&]{8,}$/
+
 export const registerSchema = z.object({
   email: z.string().email().max(255),
-  password: z.string().min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters'),
+  password: z.string()
+    .min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters')
+    .regex(passwordRegex, 'Password must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one number, and one special character (@$!%*?&)'),
   displayName: z.string().min(1, 'Display name is required').max(100),
 })
 
@@ -17,7 +21,9 @@ export const verifyEmailSchema = z.object({
 
 export const resetPasswordSchema = z.object({
   token: z.string().min(1, 'Token is required'),
-  newPassword: z.string().min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters'),
+  newPassword: z.string()
+    .min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters')
+    .regex(passwordRegex, 'Password must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one number, and one special character (@$!%*?&)'),
 })
 
 export const updateProfileSchema = z.object({
@@ -26,7 +32,9 @@ export const updateProfileSchema = z.object({
 
 export const changePasswordSchema = z.object({
   currentPassword: z.string(),
-  newPassword: z.string().min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters'),
+  newPassword: z.string()
+    .min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters')
+    .regex(passwordRegex, 'Password must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one number, and one special character (@$!%*?&)'),
 })
 
 export const forgotPasswordSchema = z.object({
diff --git a/backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts b/backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts
index 843405f..c122f83 100644
--- a/backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts
+++ b/backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ describe('setupSchema', () => {
   it('accepts valid setup', () => {
     const result = setupSchema.safeParse({
       email: 'admin@example.com',
-      password: 'adminpass123',
+      password: 'AdminPass123!',
       displayName: 'Admin',
       siteTitle: 'BrainWave',
       language: 'en',
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe('setupSchema', () => {
   it('rejects invalid email', () => {
     const result = setupSchema.safeParse({
       email: 'bad',
-      password: 'adminpass123',
+      password: 'AdminPass123!',
       displayName: 'Admin',
     })
     expect(result.success).toBe(false)
diff --git a/backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.ts b/backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.ts
index 2fd770f..d61962d 100644
--- a/backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.ts
+++ b/backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 import { z } from 'zod'
 
+const passwordRegex = /^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[@$!%*?&])[A-Za-z\d@$!%*?&]{8,}$/
+
 export const setupSchema = z.object({
   email: z.string().email().max(255),
-  password: z.string().min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters'),
+  password: z.string()
+    .min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters')
+    .regex(passwordRegex, 'Password must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one number, and one special character (@$!%*?&)'),
   displayName: z.string().min(1, 'Display name is required').max(100),
   siteTitle: z.string().min(1, 'Site title is required').max(255).optional(),
   language: z.enum(['en', 'nl']).optional(),
diff --git a/node_modules/.package-lock.json b/node_modules/.package-lock.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 47cf8b8..0000000
--- a/node_modules/.package-lock.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "brainwave",
-  "lockfileVersion": 3,
-  "requires": true,
-  "packages": {}
-}
diff --git a/node_modules/.vite/vitest/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/results.json b/node_modules/.vite/vitest/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/results.json
index f277992..34764d0 100644
--- a/node_modules/.vite/vitest/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/results.json
+++ b/node_modules/.vite/vitest/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/results.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":"4.1.5","results":[[":frontend/src/utils/grading.test.ts",{"duration":7.161699999999996,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/latex.test.ts",{"duration":9.518499999999989,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":7.022400000000005,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/validation.test.ts",{"duration":4.217900000000014,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/storage.test.ts",{"duration":4.687600000000003,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/examSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":6.788000000000011,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":7.534500000000008,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/middleware/error.test.ts",{"duration":2.5043000000000006,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/slug.test.ts",{"duration":4.5700999999999965,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/formatting.test.ts",{"duration":4.011300000000006,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/config.test.ts",{"duration":4.423100000000005,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/resultSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":5.812899999999985,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/utils/tokens.test.ts",{"duration":73.72379999999998,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":5.070899999999995,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/utils/asyncHandler.test.ts",{"duration":4.5079000000000065,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/api.test.ts",{"duration":3.4222000000000037,"failed":false}]]}
\ No newline at end of file
+{"version":"4.1.5","results":[[":frontend/src/utils/grading.test.ts",{"duration":7.415200000000027,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/resultSchemas.test.js",{"duration":6.726200000000006,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":7.416300000000035,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/resultSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":6.132000000000005,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/authSchemas.test.js",{"duration":7.569299999999998,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/storage.test.ts",{"duration":7.313600000000008,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/examSchemas.test.js",{"duration":6.513400000000047,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/config.test.js",{"duration":3.9307000000000016,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":7.670799999999986,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/latex.test.ts",{"duration":10.730400000000031,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/adminSchemas.test.js",{"duration":7.168000000000006,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/config.test.ts",{"duration":4.0274,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/examSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":6.865000000000009,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/utils/tokens.test.js",{"duration":130.3977,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/validation.test.ts",{"duration":4.94319999999999,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/utils/tokens.test.ts",{"duration":130.18120000000005,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/slug.test.ts",{"duration":5.06280000000001,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/utils/asyncHandler.test.ts",{"duration":4.779500000000013,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":5.795000000000016,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/setupSchemas.test.js",{"duration":5.715100000000007,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/middleware/error.test.js",{"duration":3.313999999999993,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/utils/asyncHandler.test.js",{"duration":5.088700000000017,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/formatting.test.ts",{"duration":3.638200000000012,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/middleware/error.test.ts",{"duration":3.546299999999974,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/api.test.ts",{"duration":3.1704000000000008,"failed":false}]]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index 47cf8b8..9221bdc 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -2,5 +2,20 @@
   "name": "brainwave",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
-  "packages": {}
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "dependencies": {
+        "helmet": "^8.1.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/helmet": {
+      "version": "8.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/helmet/-/helmet-8.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-jOiHyAZsmnr8LqoPGmCjYAaiuWwjAPLgY8ZX2XrmHawt99/u1y6RgrZMTeoPfpUbV96HOalYgz1qzkRbw54Pmg==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=18.0.0"
+      }
+    }
+  }
 }
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..575b81c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "name": "brainwave",
+  "private": true,
+  "version": "0.0.1"
+}
-- 
2.54.0


From 6dd87972f6d99afa4cf633432e99b3ec14e2d301 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: LaurensBartelds <48316768+LaurensBartelds@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 13:06:01 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] feat: update settings management to use site_name and add
 batch update schema

---
 backend/src/routes/admin.ts                   | 11 +++----
 backend/src/routes/setup.ts                   |  6 ++--
 backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts   | 29 +++++++++++++++++--
 backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts        |  9 +++++-
 .../results.json                              |  2 +-
 5 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/backend/src/routes/admin.ts b/backend/src/routes/admin.ts
index 28e37a7..e47d2ea 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/admin.ts
+++ b/backend/src/routes/admin.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { AppError } from '../middleware/error.js'
 import * as userRepo from '../repositories/userRepo.js'
 import * as resultRepo from '../repositories/resultRepo.js'
 import * as settingsRepo from '../repositories/settingsRepo.js'
-import { updateUserRoleSchema, updateSettingSchema, listUsersQuerySchema, userIdParamSchema } from '../validators/adminSchemas.js'
+import { updateUserRoleSchema, updateSettingSchema, updateSettingsBatchSchema, listUsersQuerySchema, userIdParamSchema } from '../validators/adminSchemas.js'
 import type { Request } from 'express'
 
 const router = Router()
@@ -124,17 +124,18 @@ router.get(
 router.get(
   '/settings',
   asyncHandler(async (_req, res) => {
-    res.json(settingsRepo.getAllSettings())
+    res.json({ settings: settingsRepo.getAllSettings() })
   })
 )
 
 // PUT /api/admin/settings
 router.put(
   '/settings',
-  validateBody(updateSettingSchema),
+  validateBody(updateSettingsBatchSchema),
   asyncHandler(async (req: Request, res) => {
-    const { key, value } = req.body
-    settingsRepo.setSetting(key, value)
+    const { settings } = req.body
+    const entries = Object.entries(settings) as Array<[string, string]>
+    settingsRepo.setSettingsBatch(entries)
     res.json({ success: true })
   })
 )
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/setup.ts b/backend/src/routes/setup.ts
index 07a5adb..92b2919 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/setup.ts
+++ b/backend/src/routes/setup.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ const router = Router()
 const SALT_ROUNDS = 10
 
 function getSiteTitle(): string | null {
-  return settingsRepo.getSetting('site_title') ?? null
+  return settingsRepo.getSetting('site_name') ?? null
 }
 
 // GET /api/setup/status
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ router.post(
 
     // Atomic transaction prevents race conditions between concurrent setup requests
     const tx = db.transaction(() => {
-      const title = settingsRepo.getSetting('site_title')
+      const title = settingsRepo.getSetting('site_name')
       if (title) {
         throw new AppError(400, 'Setup already completed')
       }
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ router.post(
       })
 
       const settings: Array<[string, string]> = [
-        ['site_title', siteTitle?.trim() || 'BrainWave'],
+        ['site_name', siteTitle?.trim() || 'BrainWave'],
         ['site_language', language || 'en'],
         ['maintenance_mode', 'false'],
       ]
diff --git a/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts b/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts
index b3c67de..d2f14ce 100644
--- a/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts
+++ b/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest'
-import { updateUserRoleSchema, updateSettingSchema, listUsersQuerySchema, userIdParamSchema } from './adminSchemas'
+import { updateUserRoleSchema, updateSettingSchema, updateSettingsBatchSchema, listUsersQuerySchema, userIdParamSchema } from './adminSchemas'
 
 describe('updateUserRoleSchema', () => {
   it('accepts valid role change', () => {
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ describe('updateUserRoleSchema', () => {
 
 describe('updateSettingSchema', () => {
   it('accepts valid setting', () => {
-    const result = updateSettingSchema.safeParse({ key: 'site_title', value: 'BrainWave' })
+    const result = updateSettingSchema.safeParse({ key: 'site_name', value: 'BrainWave' })
     expect(result.success).toBe(true)
   })
 
@@ -30,7 +30,30 @@ describe('updateSettingSchema', () => {
   })
 
   it('rejects empty value', () => {
-    const result = updateSettingSchema.safeParse({ key: 'site_title', value: '' })
+    const result = updateSettingSchema.safeParse({ key: 'site_name', value: '' })
+    expect(result.success).toBe(false)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('updateSettingsBatchSchema', () => {
+  it('accepts valid batch', () => {
+    const result = updateSettingsBatchSchema.safeParse({
+      settings: { site_name: 'BrainWave', maintenance_mode: 'false' },
+    })
+    expect(result.success).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  it('rejects invalid key in batch', () => {
+    const result = updateSettingsBatchSchema.safeParse({
+      settings: { site_name: 'BrainWave', unknown_key: 'value' },
+    })
+    expect(result.success).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  it('rejects empty value in batch', () => {
+    const result = updateSettingsBatchSchema.safeParse({
+      settings: { site_name: '' },
+    })
     expect(result.success).toBe(false)
   })
 })
diff --git a/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts b/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts
index fac8f90..10e7cc9 100644
--- a/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts
+++ b/backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ export const updateUserRoleSchema = z.object({
 })
 
 const ALLOWED_SETTING_KEYS = [
-  'site_title',
+  'site_name',
   'site_language',
   'maintenance_mode',
   'maintenance_message',
@@ -28,6 +28,13 @@ export const updateSettingSchema = z.object({
   value: z.string().min(1),
 })
 
+export const updateSettingsBatchSchema = z.object({
+  settings: z.record(z.string().min(1)).refine(
+    (obj) => Object.keys(obj).every((k) => ALLOWED_SETTING_KEYS.includes(k as typeof ALLOWED_SETTING_KEYS[number])),
+    { message: 'One or more setting keys are not allowed' }
+  ),
+})
+
 export const listUsersQuerySchema = z.object({
   page: z.string().regex(/^\d+$/).optional().transform((v: string | undefined) => (v ? Number(v) : 1)),
   search: z.string().optional(),
diff --git a/node_modules/.vite/vitest/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/results.json b/node_modules/.vite/vitest/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/results.json
index 34764d0..67df6f1 100644
--- a/node_modules/.vite/vitest/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/results.json
+++ b/node_modules/.vite/vitest/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/results.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":"4.1.5","results":[[":frontend/src/utils/grading.test.ts",{"duration":7.415200000000027,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/resultSchemas.test.js",{"duration":6.726200000000006,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":7.416300000000035,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/resultSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":6.132000000000005,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/authSchemas.test.js",{"duration":7.569299999999998,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/storage.test.ts",{"duration":7.313600000000008,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/examSchemas.test.js",{"duration":6.513400000000047,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/config.test.js",{"duration":3.9307000000000016,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":7.670799999999986,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/latex.test.ts",{"duration":10.730400000000031,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/adminSchemas.test.js",{"duration":7.168000000000006,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/config.test.ts",{"duration":4.0274,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/examSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":6.865000000000009,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/utils/tokens.test.js",{"duration":130.3977,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/validation.test.ts",{"duration":4.94319999999999,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/utils/tokens.test.ts",{"duration":130.18120000000005,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/slug.test.ts",{"duration":5.06280000000001,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/utils/asyncHandler.test.ts",{"duration":4.779500000000013,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":5.795000000000016,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/setupSchemas.test.js",{"duration":5.715100000000007,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/middleware/error.test.js",{"duration":3.313999999999993,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/utils/asyncHandler.test.js",{"duration":5.088700000000017,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/formatting.test.ts",{"duration":3.638200000000012,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/middleware/error.test.ts",{"duration":3.546299999999974,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/api.test.ts",{"duration":3.1704000000000008,"failed":false}]]}
\ No newline at end of file
+{"version":"4.1.5","results":[[":frontend/src/utils/grading.test.ts",{"duration":7.013800000000003,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/resultSchemas.test.js",{"duration":5.808800000000019,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/authSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":7.428100000000029,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/resultSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":5.740099999999984,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/authSchemas.test.js",{"duration":7.838999999999999,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/storage.test.ts",{"duration":6.458100000000002,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/examSchemas.test.js",{"duration":6.4299000000000035,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/config.test.js",{"duration":3.8840999999999894,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/adminSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":8.53079999999997,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/latex.test.ts",{"duration":9.639899999999955,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/adminSchemas.test.js",{"duration":7.222399999999993,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/config.test.ts",{"duration":4.612200000000001,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/examSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":6.7660000000000196,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/utils/tokens.test.js",{"duration":135.6874,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/validation.test.ts",{"duration":5.303899999999999,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/utils/tokens.test.ts",{"duration":133.43280000000001,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/slug.test.ts",{"duration":4.7246000000000095,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/utils/asyncHandler.test.ts",{"duration":5.102000000000004,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/validators/setupSchemas.test.ts",{"duration":5.396100000000018,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/validators/setupSchemas.test.js",{"duration":5.6451999999999884,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/middleware/error.test.js",{"duration":2.9522999999999797,"failed":false}],[":backend/dist/utils/asyncHandler.test.js",{"duration":5.4879999999999995,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/formatting.test.ts",{"duration":3.3067000000000064,"failed":false}],[":backend/src/middleware/error.test.ts",{"duration":3.663899999999984,"failed":false}],[":frontend/src/utils/api.test.ts",{"duration":2.3597999999999786,"failed":false}]]}
\ No newline at end of file
-- 
2.54.0